Important 7 Terminologies used in the Surveying

We are now sharing the 7 terminologies taken from the subject Surveying.

The 7 terminologies are as under

General Notes

• The purpose of surveying is to create a plan and a map.


• The plan is a large-scale depiction of a limited region.


• A map is a small-scale depiction of a limited region.


• The surveying principle
  
  
  • To start with the big picture and work my way down to the details
  
  
  • At least two measurements are required to find a new station.


• Geodetic surveying (area > 250 km2) is when the curvature of the earth is considered.


• Plane surveying (Area 250 km2) is when the curvature of the earth is not considered.


• On the surface of the earth, the difference between the long arch of a circle and the subtended chord is 0.1 meters for 18.2 kilometers, 0.3 meters for 54.3 kilometers, and 0.5 meters for 91 kilometers.


• The sum of the angles on a spherical triangle on the earth's surface and the equivalent plane triangle is 1 second per 195.5 square kilometers of land area.


• Radians are used to measure plane angles.


• The size of a spherical triangle is measured in steradians.

Length/links /length of each link of the Chain used for surveying

• Metric Chain
  
  
  
  • 20m chain - 100 links - each link 0.2m
  
  
  • 30m chain - 150 links - each link 0.2m


• Engineer's Chain
  
  
  
  • 100ft - 100 links - each link 1ft


• Revenue Chain
  
  
  • 33ft - 16 links - each link 2.063ft


• Gunter's Chain (Surveyor's Chain)
  
  
  
  • 66ft - 100 links - each link 0.66ft


• Tolerance Limit of Chains
  
  
  
  • 20m chain: - ± 5mm
  
  
  • 30m chain: - ± 8mm

Tapes

• Cloth and linen tape
  
  
  
  • It comes in lengths of 10m, 20m, 25m, and 30m. It isn't correct.


• Glass fiber tape
  
  
  
  • This tape does not expand or contract due to changes in temperature and moisture content. More accurate than a thousand tapes.


• Metallic tape
  
  
  
  • This tape is more durable than fiberglass and cloth tapes.


• Steel tape
  
  
  
  • More accurate than a metal tape


• Invar tape
  
  
  
  • It consists of steel (64%) and nickel (36%). It is more accurate than all other tapes.

Arrow

• Used to indicate the position of the end of the chain from the floor.

Peg

• Used to indicate the location of survey points and endpoints of survey lines.

Ranging Rod

• This is used to position the midpoint so that the midpoint is on a straight line connecting the end stations.

Ranging

• Ranging is the process of determining the intermediate positions.

So, these are the 7 terminologies and other information we have shared with you, hope you will like the article.

Thanks for reading.

Thanks,

Kumar Bhanushali