Building Material and Construction (BMC) - NeHoAa Tech

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Thursday, 20 May 2021

Building Material and Construction (BMC)

Notes on Building Material and Construction (in short form, BMC)

Building Material and Construction (BMC)

Common Building Materials from Building Material and Construction are

  • Cement

  • Lime

  • Aggregates

  • Mortar

  • Admixture

  • Concrete

  • Bricks

  • Stones

  • Steel

  • Timber

  • Miscellaneous

Cement

  • Cement is an organic building material with a binding property of construction that was invented by Mr. Joseph Aspedin in the years 1824-1825.

  • Calcareous Compounds (Compounds containing Ca, Hg) and Argillaceous Compounds make up the majority of cement (Compounds having Silica, Aluminium Oxides)

  • Examples of Calcareous Compounds are Limestones, Cement Rocks, Chalk, Marine Shell, Alkali Waste

  • Examples of Argillaceous Compounds are the Clay, Slate, Ash

  • OPC's Different Constituents (i.e Ordinary Portland Cement)

    • Lime (CaO - 62% to 67%)

      • It gives cement its strength and stability.

      • If there is so much lime in the mortar, it becomes unsound, allowing it to spread and then disintegrate.

      • A lack of lime decreases the strength of the cement and allows it to settle easily.

    • Silica (SiO2 - 17% to 25%)

      • If there is a surplus, the cement's strength increases, but the cement's setting time increases as well.

      • It also gives strength to the cement.

    • Alumina (Al2O3 - 3% to 8%)

      • It gives the cement a quick-setting property.

      • It serves as a flux, lowering the clinkering temperature.

      • It weakens the cement if there is an excessive amount of it.

    • Calcium Sulphate (CaSO4 - 3% to 4%)

      • It's usually added in the shape of gypsum, which is CaSO4-2H2O in most cases.

      • It aids in extending the cement's initial setting time.

    • Iron Oxide (Fe2O3 - 3% to 4%)

      • It gives cement its resilience, toughness, and color.

    • Magnesia (MgO - 1% to 3%)

      • It gives cement strength, toughness, and color, but too much of it renders the cement unsound.

    • Sulphur (S - 1% to 3%)

      • Sulphur in cement causes volume variations in the material, which causes it to be unstable.

    • Alkali (Na2O, K2O - 0.2% to 1%)

      • Alkalies in the cement produce efflorescence, which causes stains to appear on the surface of the structure in which it is used for building.

      • As alkalies react with aggregates, they expand, causing them to disintegrate.

      • Alkalies also help cement paste to set faster.

BOGUES COMPOUND

  • As all the above-mentioned cement materials are intergraded and burned, they combine to create a complex chemical compound known as BOGUES COMPOUND, which is responsible for the cement's properties.
Thanks,

Kumar Bhanushali



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