Want to know the most important 14 nos. of Principles of building planning?

14 Principles of building planning

14 Principles of building planning that will provide you the brief knowledge about the principles involved and to is required during the planning of the building.

Following are the 14 Principles of building planning used in the building construction

• Aspect / Appearance

  • It is defined by the placement of windows and doors on outside walls in order to make use of natural resources such as sunshine, wind, and wind.
  
  
  • Types of room and their suggested aspect:
    
    
    
    • Drawing Room - South, SE
    
    
    • Bed Room - West, SW
    
    
    • Dining Room - South
    
    
    • Kitchen - East
    
    
    • Verandah - West, SW

• Prospect / Landscape

  • Prospect means using stunning views of things outside of structures like gardens, lakes, seas, and rivers through windows, doors, and balconies.
  
  
  • The property should have a good view so that the people who live there may feel happy.

• Orientation

  • The arrangement of rooms in relation to the north direction is referred to as orientation.

• Privacy

  • Privacy is an essential element in residential building design.
  
  
  • From one room to the next, as well as from surrounding neighborhoods, public buildings, and streets, there should be privacy.
  
  
  • In the bedroom, bathroom, water closet, and urinals, privacy is essential.

• Circulation

  • Moving from one location inside a structure to another is referred to as circulation.
  
  
  • It must provide for horizontal and vertical circulation through aisles, hallways, and lobbies, as well as vertical circulation through the building's stairwells, elevators, and slopes.

• Grouping

  • This includes organizing spaces that have the same or similar function as the group.
  
  
  • Placing multiple rooms within a building for the convenience of users is called grouping.
  
  
  • The term 'grouping' refers to the ease and practicality of connecting different rooms.
  
  
  • For example, the kitchen and dining room should be close to each other.
  
  
  • The cupboard should be near the kitchen. Keep toilets and urinals away from the kitchen.

• Roominess / Wide

  • The psychological sensation of room space's vastness and smiling is referred to as space.
  
  
  • This plan has an inseparable relationship with the size of the room.
  
  
  • Due to the difference in proportions, a square room may look smaller than a rectangular room with the same square meter area.
  
  
  • The term "wide" refers to a strategy for maximizing the small or limited size of a room. As a result, the length-to-width ratio should be 1.2 or 1.5.

• Furniture requirements

  • The sizes of furniture that will be necessary for the rooms' practical usefulness should be addressed throughout the construction planning process.
  
  
  • The size of the rooms should be determined by the ease with which they must be accommodated.
  
  
  • The size of the bedroom should allow for a bed, a cabinet, a side table, and a dressing table.

• Sanitation / Cleanliness

  • Light and ventilation are important factors for health. It also requires careful planning of drainage.
  
  
  • In sanitary units, cleanliness, illumination, and ventilation are provided to prevent the growth of bacteria and the transmission of illness.
  
  
  • To preserve hygienic conditions, ventilators in the bath and w.c. provide sunshine and air circulation, and the kitchen should have glazed tiles dado.

• Elegance / Looks

  • Refers to the height of the building. The height of the facade of the building should be visually attractive and beautiful.
  
  
  • Elegance refers to a building's magnificent look, which is mostly due to the elevation, which is dependent on the layout.
  
  
  • The aesthetics of a structure are determined by the breadth, height, position of doors and windows, and materials used in the construction of external walls, among other factors.

• Economy / Market

  • The building's layout must be cost-effective.

• Access / Entrance

  • The concept of access emphasizes the importance of being able to easily move from one space to another.

• Architectural composition

  • This concept represents the aesthetics and charm of the building.
  
  
  • Unity, contrast, scale, proportion, and mass composition are considered throughout the design process.

• Climate and its affect

  • The climate of the area has an impact on the building's design.

Other Points

• The building design incorporates both natural and artificial illumination.


• Sunlight can provide adequate illumination with sufficient ventilation.


• Artificial illumination is provided by different electrical equipment.


• Flexibility indicates that the rooms are constructed in such a manner that they may be utilized for various purposes as needed, even though they were initially planned for one.


• Planning should be done in such a way that modest modifications may be made to meet demands as they occur.


• Building planning should be done within the client's budgetary constraints.


• The following steps may be taken to improve the economy:
  
  
  
  • a straightforward elevation
  
  
  • lowering the building's height,
  
  
  • lowering the number of steps in the stairwell,
  
  
  • and avoiding lobbies and balconies


• First and foremost, the building's strength, stability, convenience, and comfort of the residents should be addressed.


• Extra space should be set aside in case the building has to be expanded further.


• A building's life span should be at least 50 years.


• The structure should be sturdy and capable of withstanding the anticipated negative impacts of natural disasters (earthquake, flood, storm, etc).


• Elevation should be straightforward but appealing.


• Make huge rooms available. It allows for the creation of a tiny space by utilizing moveable partitions.


• Prefabricated lintels, chajja, and steps were used.


• When choosing floor and wall finishes, consider how easy they will be to clean and maintain.


• In front of the home, there is a courtyard where flower plants can be placed.


• Building Bye-Laws issued by the authorities to be taken into consideration while planning the building.
  
  
  
  • Building bye-laws are rules and regulations enacted by municipal planning authorities that address building standards, public safety through open spaces, minimum room sizes, and height and area limitations.
  
  
  • Scope of building bye-laws,
    
    
    
    • Building frontage line
      
      
      
      • It is the space between the extreme border of the road and the front of the building line that should be left. It depends on the state of the location and the type of route. A minimum clearance is required for residential buildings, whereas a greater clearance is required for public buildings.
    
    
    • Minimum plot size
    
    
    • Built-up area of the building
    
    
    • Height of building
      
      
      
      • Building height in relation to street width: the maximum height of a building should not exceed 1.5 times the width of the road. If the building is one-third of the roof area, the height is not included. The roof tank and its support, as well as Ventilation, a lift, chimneys, and parapet walls, are just a few of the amenities available.
    
    
    • Provision of safety, water supply, drainage, proper light, and ventilation
    
    
    • Requirements for off-street parking space
    
    
    • Size of the structural element

So, these are the 14 Principles of building planning which should be taken into consideration while planning the building.

I hope you will like my article on, 14 Principles of building planning.

Thanks,
Kumar Bhanushali